The maximum efficiency which can be achieved is the Carnot efficiency
Second Law: Heat Engines
Second Law of Thermodynamics: It is impossible to extract an amount of heat QH from a hot reservoir and use it all to do work W . Some amount of heat QC must be exhausted to a cold reservoir. This precludes a perfect heat engine.
This is sometimes called the "first form" of the second law, and is referred to as the Kelvin-Planck statement of the second law.
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